COVID 19: Number of Children Living in Household Poverty to Soar by Up to 86 Million by End of Year

New analysis from Save the Children and UNICEF reveals that without urgent action, the number of children living in poor households across low- and middle-income countries could increase by 15 percent, reaching 672 million

FAIRFIELD, Conn. (May 27, 2020) – The economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic could push up to 86 million more children into household poverty by the end of 2020, an increase of 15 percent, according to a new analysis released today by Save the Children and UNICEF.

The analysis highlights that, without urgent action to protect families from the financial hardships caused by the pandemic, the total number of children living below the national poverty line in low- and middle-income countries could reach 672 million by the end of the year. Nearly two-thirds of these children live in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

Countries across Europe and Central Asia could see the most significant increase, up to 44 percent across the region. Latin America and the Caribbean could see a 22 percent increase.

“The coronavirus pandemic has triggered an unprecedented socio-economic crisis that is draining resources for families all over the world,” said Henrietta Fore, UNICEF Executive Director. “The scale and depth of financial hardship among families threaten to roll back years of progress in reducing child poverty and will leave children deprived of essential services. Without concerted action, families barely getting by could be pushed into poverty, and the poorest families could face levels of deprivation that have not been seen for decades.”

Save the Children and UNICEF warn that the impact of the global economic crisis caused by the pandemic and related containment policies is two-fold. Immediate income loss means children and families are less able to afford the basics, including food and water, less likely to access health care or education, and more at risk of child marriage, violence, exploitation and abuse. When fiscal contraction occurs, the reach and quality of the services families depend on can also be diminished.

For the poorest families, lack of access to social services or compensatory measures further limits their ability to abide by containment and physical distancing measures, and thus increases their exposure to infection.

“The shocking poverty impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic will hit children hard. Children are highly vulnerable to even short periods of hunger and malnutrition—potentially affecting them for their whole life,” said Janti Soeripto, Save the Children President and CEO. “If we act now and decisively, we can prevent and contain the pandemic threat facing the poorest countries and some of the most vulnerable children. This report should be a wake-up call for the world. Poverty is not inevitable for children.”

Before the pandemic, two-thirds of children worldwide did not have access to any form of social protection, making it impossible for families to withstand financial shocks when they hit and furthering the vicious cycle of intergenerational poverty. Only 16 percent of children in Africa are covered by social protection.

Hundreds of millions of children remain multidimensionally poor—meaning they lack access to health care, education, proper nutrition, or adequate housing—often a reflection of inequitable investments by governments in social services.

For children living in countries already affected by conflict and violence, the impact of this crisis will further increase the risk of instability and households falling into poverty. The Middle East and North Africa region has the highest number of children in need due to conflict. It also has the highest unemployment rate among young people, while nearly half of all children in the region live in multidimensional poverty.

To address and mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on children in poor households, Save the Children and UNICEF call for rapid and large-scale expansion of social protection systems and programs, including cash transfers, school feeding and child benefits – all critical investments that address immediate financial needs and lay the foundation for countries to prepare for future shocks.

Governments must also invest in other forms of social protection, fiscal policies, employment and labor market interventions to support families. This includes expanding universal access to quality healthcare and other services; and investing in family-friendly policies, such as paid leave and childcare.

Since COVID-19 hit, many countries have already scaled up their social protection programs. For example:

• In Indonesia, the Kartu Sembako program, which provides monthly cash assistance for basic family consumption, expanded its reach to 20 million. Monthly cash assistance to families increased from Rp150 thousand to Rp200 thousand;
• In Mongolia, the government increased its Child Money Program monthly benefit by five times from MNT 20,000 per month to MNT 100,000 for six months.
• In Argentina, the Universal Child Allowance program provided an increase of $3,100 Argentine pesos for its current beneficiaries;
• In South Africa, several social protection programs, including the child support grant, which reaches 12.8 million children, are providing additional assistance.
• In Georgia, the Targeted Social Assistance (TSA) program will be temporarily expanded to provide support to an additional 70,000 families, as well as provide an extra 100 GEL a month to 21,000 TSA households with three or more children for six months.
• In Armenia, eligible families enrolled in the family benefits system will receive a top-up equal to 50 percent of the benefit.
• In Colombia, the government has created the Solidarity Income Program to provide cash transfers to households that do not currently receive benefits from any other National Government programs. As of May 21, more than 2 million vulnerable families had received a 320,000 peso transfer through two equal payments made during March and May.
• In Peru, the Government is providing “solidarity bonuses” to rural households, independent workers and vulnerable families, as well as a new universal bond, for 6.8 million households.

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